Dysmenorrhea, more commonly known as menstrual cramps, are cramping pains in the lower abdomen, experienced by most women just before or during their monthly periods. The prostaglandin hormone is mainly responsible for the menstrual cramps and inflammation during a woman’s period, but is also caused by endometriosis, uterine fibroids, pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), cervical stenosis, and adenomyosis.

 Ginger has been effective in relieving inflammation and pain, and it can help alleviate the pain associated with menstrual cramps. Ginger also is used for nausea and an upset stomach, symptoms that sometimes accompany menstruation. The University of Maryland Medical Center recommends taking ginger two to three times a day while you are experiencing menstrual cramps.

Ginger

Ginger lowers pain levels causing prostaglandins and soothes menstrual cramps and calms the stomach.

Methods:

• Eat ginger raw or cooked the form of ginger ale, cookies, snacks, or candies.
• Boil slices of ginger, honey, and a pinch of salt for 4 – 6 minutes and drink twice daily.
• Steep ½ teaspoon of ginger (either dried powder or grated) in a cup of boiling water for 3 – 5 minutes and drink three times daily for best results.

Diet

Poor nutrition can lead to deficiencies which will worsen menstruation symptoms. Include essential vitamins and nutrients in your diet to rid cramps.

• Drink as much water as possible to prevent painful bloating during menstruation.  Drink warm or hot water will increase blood flow to the skin and relax cramped muscles.
• Eat water-based food or fruits such as celery, watermelon, cucumber, berries, and lettuce to increase hydration and get relief from cramps.
• Eat foods containing calcium such as milk, other dairy products, sesame seeds, almonds, and leafy green vegetables to reduce muscle cramping during menstruation.
• Eat foods containing vitamin B, especially vitamin B6, such as brown rice to reduce bloating.
• Eat foods containing vitamin E such as olive oil and broccoli for relief from menstrual cramps.
• Eat foods rich in magnesium such as walnuts, almonds, and pumpkin seeds to absorb calcium and ease cramps.
• Eat foods rich in iron such as chicken, fish, and green leafy vegetables to replace the iron lost during menstruation.
• Avoid fatty foods, alcohols, chocolates, carbonated beverages during your menstrual cramps. They cause bloating and water retention, making cramps worse.
• Avoid coffee and other caffeinated products. Instead, eat soothing ginger, mint teas, or hot water with lemon.
• Eat yogurt and banana to soothe cramps.
• Flax seeds reduce prostaglandin production (responsible for menstrual pain or cramps) in the body due to its herbal properties. Consume 2 tablespoons of flaxseeds daily for best results.
• Swallow 2 teaspoons of apple cider vinegar (ACV) after each meal.

Tips:

 

1. Relax and listen to soothing music, read a book, or engage yourself in any interesting activity as anxiety and stress will make cramps worse.
2. Women who stay warm will be less prone to menstrual cramps.
3. Take vitamin D regularly to help cure menstrual cramps.
4. Apply a few teaspoons of warm olive oil to the stomach and leave for 15 – 20 minutes.
5. Take a mineral bath to get relief from cramps. Add a cup of sea salt and a cup of baking soda to water. Soak for 15 – 20 minutes to relax muscles.
6. Acupuncture, a traditional Chinese treatment of sticking the skin with small needles to stimulate certain pressure points, effectively relieves menstrual cramps

Important Note:

Make sure you're getting enough vitamin D

Prevention is always better than the cure, which is why making sure your body has enough vitamin D is important in preventing menstrual cramps. A study found that high doses of vitamin D3 led to a significant decrease in menstrual cramps. "40 Italian women were split into two groups: one receiving a single oral dose of 300,000 IUs of vitamin D3 and the other getting a placebo five days before the expected start of their menstrual periods." Their pain scored dropped by 41 percent, while those in the placebo group saw no change in their pain scale.

Also Read  health and powerful medicinal properties of ginger

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Diabetes, often referred to by doctors as diabetes mellitus, describes a group of metabolic diseases in which the person has high blood glucose (blood sugar), either because insulin production is inadequate, or because the body's cells do not respond properly to insulin, or both. Patients with high blood sugar will typically experience polyuria (frequent urination), they will become increasingly thirsty (polydipsia) and hungry (polyphagia). 

type-2 diabetes diet menu

There are three types of diabetes:

1. Type 1 diabetes

The body does not produce insulin. Some people may refer to this type as insulin-dependent diabetes, juvenile diabetes, or early-onset diabetes. People usually develop type 1 diabetes before their 40th year, often in early adulthood or teenage years.

Type 1 diabetes is nowhere near as common as type 2 diabetes. Approximately 10% of all diabetes cases are type 1.

Patients with type 1 diabetes will need to take insulin injections for the rest of their life. They must also ensure proper blood-glucose levels by carrying out regular blood tests and following a special diet.

Between 2001 and 2009, the prevalence of type 1 diabetes among the under 20s in the USA rose 23%, according to SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth data issued by the CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention).

More information on type 1 diabetes is available in our type 1 diabetes page.

2. Type 2 diabetes

The body does not produce enough insulin for proper function, or the cells in the body do not react to insulin (insulin resistance).

Approximately 90% of all cases of diabetes worldwide are type 2.

Some people may be able to control their type 2 diabetes symptoms by losing weight, following a healthy diet, doing plenty of exercise, and monitoring their blood glucose levels. However, type 2 diabetes is typically a progressive disease - it gradually gets worse - and the patient will probably end up have to take insulin, usually in tablet form.

Overweight and obese people have a much higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes compared to those with a healthy body weight. People with a lot of visceral fat, also known as central obesity, belly fat, or abdominal obesity, are especially at risk. Being overweight/obese causes the body to release chemicals that can destabilize the body's cardiovascular and metabolic systems.

Being overweight, physically inactive and eating the wrong foods all contribute to our risk of developing type 2 diabetes. Drinking just one can of (non-diet) soda per day can raise our risk of developing type 2 diabetes by 22%, researchers from Imperial College London reported in the journal Diabetologia. The scientists believe that the impact of sugary soft drinks on diabetes risk may be a direct one, rather than simply an influence on body weight.

The risk of developing type 2 diabetes is also greater as we get older. Experts are not completely sure why, but say that as we age we tend to put on weight and become less physically active. Those with a close relative who had/had type 2 diabetes, people of Middle Eastern, African, or South Asian descent also have a higher risk of developing the disease.

Men whose testosterone levels are low have been found to have a higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes. Researchers from the University of Edinburgh, Scotland, say that low testosterone levels are linked to insulin resistance.

For more information on how type 1 and type 2 diabetes compare, see our article: 

More information on type 1 diabetes is available in our type 2 diabetes page.

3) Gestational diabetes

This type affects females during pregnancy. Some women have very high levels of glucose in their blood, and their bodies are unable to produce enough insulin to transport all of the glucose into their cells, resulting in progressively rising levels of glucose.

Diagnosis of gestational diabetes is made during pregnancy.

The majority of gestational diabetes patients can control their diabetes with exercise and diet. Between 10% to 20% of them will need to take some kind of blood-glucose-controlling medications. Undiagnosed or uncontrolled gestational diabetes can raise the risk of complications during childbirth. The baby may be bigger than he/she should be.

Scientists from the National Institutes of Health and Harvard University found that women whose diets before becoming pregnant were high in animal fat and cholesterol had a higher risk for gestational diabetes, compared to their counterparts whose diets were low in cholesterol and animal fats. 

blood test of diabetes

Common symptoms of diabetes

The most common signs and symptoms of diabetes are:

1. Frequent urination

Have you been going to the bathroom to urinate more often recently? Do you notice that you spend most of the day going to the toilet? When there is too much glucose (sugar) in your blood you will urinate more often.

If your insulin is ineffective, or not there at all, your kidneys cannot filter the glucose back into the blood. The kidneys will take water from your blood in order to dilute the glucose - which in turn fills up your bladder.

2. Disproportionate thirst

If you are urinating more than usual, you will need to replace that lost liquid. You will be drinking more than usual. Have you been drinking more than usual lately?

3. Intense hunger

As the insulin in your blood is not working properly, or is not there at all, and your cells are not getting their energy, your body may react by trying to find more energy - food. You will become hungry.

4. Weight gain

This might be the result of the above symptom (intense hunger).

5. Unusual weight loss

This is more common among people with Diabetes Type 1. As your body is not making insulin it will seek out another energy source (the cells aren't getting glucose). Muscle tissue and fat will be broken down for energy. As Type 1 is of a more sudden onset and Type 2 is much more gradual, weight loss is more noticeable with Type 1.

6. Increased fatigue

If your insulin is not working properly, or is not there at all, glucose will not be entering your cells and providing them with energy. This will make you feel tired and listless.

7. Irritability

Irritability can be due to your lack of energy.

8. Blurred vision

This can be caused by tissue being pulled from your eye lenses. This affects your eyes' ability to focus. With proper treatment this can be treated. There are severe cases where blindness or prolonged vision problems can occur.

9. Cuts and bruises don't heal properly or quickly

Do you find cuts and bruises take a much longer time than usual to heal? When there is more sugar (glucose) in your body, its ability to heal can be undermined.

10. More skin and/or yeast infections

When there is more sugar in your body, its ability to recover from infections is affected. Women with diabetes find it especially difficult to recover from bladder and vaginal infections.

11. Itchy skin

A feeling of itchiness on your skin is sometimes a symptom of diabetes.

12. Gums are red and/or swollen - Gums pull away from teeth

If your gums are tender, red and/or swollen this could be a sign of diabetes. Your teeth could become loose as the gums pull away from them.

13. Frequent gum disease/infection

As well as the previous gum symptoms, you may experience more frequent gum disease and/or gum infections.

14. Sexual dysfunction among men

If you are over 50 and experience frequent or constant sexual dysfunction (erectile dysfunction), it could be a symptom of diabetes.

15. Numbness or tingling, especially in your feet and hands

If there is too much sugar in your body your nerves could become damaged, as could the tiny blood vessels that feed those nerves. You may experience tingling and/or numbness in your hands and feet.

common symptoms of diabetes

What diet is best for diabetes?

Eat regularly - avoid the effects on glucose levels of skipping meals or having delayed meals because of work or long journeys (take healthy snacks with you).

Eat vegetables and fruits and eat them in place of high-calorie foods - a variety of fresh, frozen and canned is good, but avoid high-calorie sauces and food containing added salt or sugar.

Whole grains high in fiber are recommended as a healthy source of carbohydrate.

Eat pulses, a low-fat starchy source of protein and fiber, such as beans, lentils, chickpeas and garden peas.

Reduce intake of saturated and trans fats by having poultry and fish without the skin and cooked, for example, under the grill, rather than fried.

Take a similar approach to cooking red meat while reducing intake and looking for the leanest cuts.

Eat fish twice a week or more, but avoid batters and frying - go for oily fish such as salmon, mackerel, sardine, trout and herring, which are rich sources of omega-3.

Avoid partially hydrogenated vegetable oils and limit saturated fat and trans fat - replace them with monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fats.

Dairy awareness helps reduce fat intake - select skim (fat-free) milk and low-fat (1%) dairy products, reduce consumption of cheese and butter and swap out creamy sauces for tomato-based ones.

Cut back on sugar by avoiding added sugars in drinks and foods - have tea and coffee without sugar, avoid fruit that is canned in syrup and pay attention to food labels.

Cut back on salt - prepare foods at home with little or no salt and avoid foods with high sodium such as processed foods.

Cut back on portion sizes - be wary of amounts consumed when eating out.

Be wary of "diabetic" foods - they are of no particular benefit and can be expensive.

Drink alcohol only in moderation - as a guide, no more than one drink a day for women and no more than two for men.

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Inflammation is a localized physical condition in which part(s) of the body become reddened, swollen, hot, and often painful, especially as a reaction to injury or infection.

It can be good or bad, depending on the situation.

On one hand, it’s your body’s natural way of protecting itself when you are injured or sick.

It can help your body defend itself from foreign invaders, and can stimulate healing.

On the other hand, chronic, sustained inflammation in the body can be harmful.

It is linked to an increased risk of diseases like diabetes, heart disease, obesity and many others.

Interestingly, the foods you eat can have a major effect on inflammation in your body.

Here are 6 foods that can cause inflammation.

1. Processed Meat

This is how processed meat look like

Consuming processed meat is associated with an increased risk of heart disease, diabetes, stomach cancer and colon cancer.

Common types of processed meat include sausage, bacon, ham, smoked meat and beef jerky.

Processed meat contains more advanced glycation end products (AGEs) than most other meats.

AGEs are formed by cooking meats and some other foods at high temperatures. They are known to cause inflammatory changes that can lead to disease.

Of all the diseases linked to processed meat consumption, colon cancer’s association is the strongest.

Although many factors contribute to colon cancer development, one mechanism is believed to be an inflammatory response to processed meat by colon cells.

2. Excessive Alcohol

Moderate alcohol consumption has been shown to provide some health benefits.

However, higher amounts can lead to severe problems.

In one study, the inflammatory marker CRP increased in people who consumed alcohol. The more alcohol they consumed, the more their CRP increased.

People who drink heavily often develop problems with bacteria moving out of the colon and into the body. This condition, often called “leaky gut,” can drive widespread inflammation that leads to organ damage.

To avoid alcohol-related health problems, intake should be limited to two standard drinks a day for men and one standard drink a day for women.

Here is an image showing what is considered a “standard drink” for several types of alcoholic beverages:

Photo Source: National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism.

3. Refined Carbohydrates

Carbohydrates have gotten a bad rap.

However, the truth is that not all carbs are problematic.

Our ancestors consumed high-fiber, unprocessed carbohydrates for millions of years in the form of grasses, roots and fruits.

However, eating refined carbohydrates can drive inflammation, which in turn may lead to disease.

Refined carbohydrates have had most of their fiber removed. Fiber promotes fullness, improves blood sugar control and feeds the beneficial bacteria in your gut.

Researchers report that the refined carbohydrates in our modern diet may encourage the growth of inflammatory gut bacteria that can increase risk of obesity and inflammatory bowel disease.

Refined carbohydrates have a higher glycemic index (GI) than unprocessed carbohydrates. High-GI foods raise blood sugar more rapidly than low-GI foods do.

In one study, older adults who reported consuming the highest amount of high-GI foods were 2.9 times more likely to die of an inflammatory disease like COPD.

In a controlled study, young, healthy men that were fed 50 grams of refined carbohydrate in the form of white bread responded with higher blood sugar levels and an increase in the inflammatory marker Nf-kB.

4. Sugar and High-Fructose Corn Syrup

Table sugar (sucrose) and high-fructose corn syrup (HFCS) are the two main types of added sugar in the diet.

Sugar is 50% glucose and 50% fructose, while high-fructose corn syrup is about 55% fructose and 45% glucose.

One of the reasons that added sugars are harmful is increased inflammation that can lead to disease.

In one study, when mice were fed high-sucrose diets, they developed breast cancer that spread to their lungs, in part due to the inflammatory response to sugar.

In another, the anti-inflammatory action of omega-3 fatty acids was impaired in mice that were fed a high-sugar diet.

And in a randomized clinical trial where people were assigned to drink regular soda, diet soda, milk or water, only those in the regular soda group had increased levels of uric acid, which drives inflammation and insulin resistance.

Sugars can also cause harm because they supply excess amounts of fructose.

While the small amounts of fructose in fruits and vegetables are fine, getting large amounts from added sugars is a bad idea.

Eating a lot of fructose has been linked to obesity, insulin resistance, diabetes, fatty liver disease, cancer and chronic kidney disease.

Researchers have also found that fructose causes inflammation within the endothelial cells that line your blood vessels.

High fructose intake has also been shown to increase several inflammatory markers in mice and humans.

5. Vegetable and Seed Oils

Despite what we’ve heard for years, consuming vegetable oils isn’t healthy.

Unlike virgin olive oil and coconut oil, vegetable and seed oils are often extracted from foods using solvents like hexane, a component of gasoline.

The vegetable oils made this way include corn, safflower, sunflower, canola (also known as rapeseed), peanut, sesame and soybean oils.

During the 20th century, the consumption of vegetable oils increased by 130% in the US.

Due to the structure of the polyunsaturated fatty acids in these oils, they are very prone to damage by oxidation.

In addition to being highly processed, these oils promote inflammation as a result of their very high omega-6 fatty acid content.

Although some dietary omega-6 fats are necessary, the typical Western diet provides may more than people need.

In fact, we should be eating more omega-3-rich foods, such as fatty fish, in order to improve our omega-6 to omega-3 ratio and reap the anti-inflammatory benefits of omega-3's.

In one study, rats who consumed an omega-6 to omega-3 fatty acid ratio of 20:1 responded with much higher levels of inflammatory markers than the who consumed a ratio of 1:1 or 5:1.

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Carbohydrates and Blood Sugar

Keeping your blood sugar levels on track means watching what you eat, plus taking medicines like insulin if you need to. Your doctor may also have mentioned that you should keep track of how many carbohydrates (carbs) you eat. But what exactly are carbohydrates and how do they affect your blood sugar?

The foods we eat contain nutrients that provide energy and other things the body needs, and one of these is carbohydrates. The two main forms of carbohydrates are:

1. sugars such as fructose, glucose, and lactose
2. starches, which are found in foods such as starchy vegetables (like potatoes or corn), grains, rice, breads, and cereals

The body breaks down or converts most carbohydrates into the sugar glucose. Glucose is absorbed into the bloodstream, and with the help of a hormone called insulin it travels into the cells of the body where it can be used for energy.

People with diabetes have problems with insulin that can cause blood sugar levels to rise. For people with type 1 diabetes, the pancreas loses the ability to make insulin. For people with type 2 diabetes, the body can't respond normally to the insulin that is made.
 Also Read  carbohydrates and saturated fats my save the world

Carbs Can Be Part of a Healthy Diet

Because the body turns carbohydrates into glucose, eating carbohydrates makes blood sugar levels rise. But that doesn't mean you should avoid carbohydrates if you have diabetes. Carbohydrates are a healthy and important part of a nutritious diet.

Some carbohydrates have more health benefits than others, though. For example, whole-grain foods and fruits are healthier choices than candy and soda because they provide fiber, vitamins, and other nutrients.

Fiber is important because it helps you feel full and keeps your digestive system working properly. In fact, eating lots of fiber can even help to slow the body's absorption of sugar when eaten together with sugar in the same food. Everyone needs fiber, and most people don't get enough. Some experts think that people with diabetes should eat more fiber than people without diabetes to help control blood sugar.

Sugary foods, like soda and candy, don't usually have fiber and typically contain "empty calories." That means they have calories but little nutritional value, and eating too many of them might leave little room for healthy foods. Eating too many empty-calorie foods can also make a person more likely to be overweight or obese. These foods can also cause tooth decay.

Balancing Your Carbs

After you eat food that has carbohydrates in it, your blood sugar goes up. As far as controlling your diabetes is concerned, your goal is to balance the insulin in your body and the exercise you do with the carbs you eat. Balancing insulin, physical activity, and carb intake keeps your blood sugar levels in a healthy range.

Following a meal plan helps you keep track of your carb intake. You and your diabetes health care team will come up with a meal plan that includes general guidelines for your carbohydrate intake. Your meal plan will take into account your age, size, weight goal, exercise level, medications, and other medical issues. The meal plan will also include the foods you like to eat — so let your health care team know what these are.

If you're not sure how many carbohydrates a food contains, check the label or ask your doctor or nutritionist. Also, check the labels of diet foods before you chow down because these products may be low in fat, but could contain extra sugar. By performing a balancing act with carbohydrates, exercise, and insulin, you can keep your blood sugar in line and still enjoy good eats.

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 Fish is the world’s best source of omega-3 fatty acids, which are incredibly important for your body and brain. Fish is among the healthiest foods on the planet. protein and vitamin D.

1. Fish May Increase Grey Matter in the Brain and Protect it From Age-Related Deterioration

One of the consequences of ageing is that brain function often deteriorates (referred to as age-related cognitive decline).

This is normal in many cases, but then there are also serious neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer’s disease.

Interestingly, many observational studies have shown that people who eat more fish have slower rates of cognitive decline.

One mechanism could be related to grey matter in the brain. Grey matter is the major functional tissue in your brain, containing the neurons that process information, store memories and make you human.

Studies have shown that people who eat fish every week have more grey matter in the centers of the brain that regulate emotion and memory.

 2. Fish Contains Nutrients That Are Crucial During Development

Omega-3 fatty acids are absolutely essential for growth and development.

The omega-3 fatty acid docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is especially important, because it accumulates in the developing brain and eye.

For this reason, it is often recommended that expecting and nursing mothers make sure to eat enough omega-3 fatty acids .

However, there is one caveat with recommending fish to expecting mothers. Some fish is high in mercury, which ironically is linked to brain developmental problems.

For this reason, pregnant women should only eat fish that are low in the food chain (salmon, sardines, trout, etc), and no more than 12 ounces (340 grams) per week.

Pregnant women should also avoid raw and uncooked fish (including sushi), because it may contain microorganisms that can harm the fetus.

3. Fish May Lower Your Risk of Heart Attacks and Strokes

Heart attacks and strokes are the two most common causes of premature death in the world.

Fish is generally considered to be among the best foods you can eat for a healthy heart.

Not surprisingly, many large observational studies have shown that people who eat fish regularly seem to have a lower risk of heart attacks, strokes and death from heart disease.

In one study of more than 40,000 male health professionals in the US, those who regularly ate 1 or more servings of fish per week had a 15% lower risk of heart disease.

Researchers believe that the fatty types of fish are even more beneficial for heart health, because of their high amount of omega-3 fatty acids.

4. Fish May Help Prevent and Treat Depression, Making You a Happier Person

Depression is a serious and incredibly common mental disorder.

It is characterized by low mood, sadness, decreased energy and loss of interest in life and activities.

Although it isn’t talked about nearly as much as heart disease or obesity, depression is currently one of the world’s biggest health problems.

Studies have found that people who eat fish regularly are much less likely to become depressed.

Numerous controlled trials have also found that omega-3 fatty acids are beneficial against depression, and significantly increase the effectiveness of antidepressant medications.

What this means is that fish can quite literally make you a happier person and improve your quality of life.

Fish and omega-3 fatty acids may also help with other mental disorders, such as bipolar disorders.

5. Fish is The Only Good Dietary Source of Vitamin D

Vitamin D has received a lot of mainstream attention in recent years.

This important vitamin actually functions like a steroid hormone in the body, and a whopping 41.6% of the US population is deficient in it.

Fish and fish products are the best dietary sources of vitamin D, by far. Fatty fish like salmon and herring contain the highest amounts.

A single 4 ounce (113 gram) serving of cooked salmon contains around 100% of the recommended intake of vitamin D.

Some fish oils, such as cod liver oil, are also very high in vitamin D, providing more than 200% of the recommended intake in a single tablespoon.

If you don’t get much sun and don’t eat fatty fish regularly, then you may want to consider taking a vitamin D supplement.

Also Read....

Fruits and Exercise Reduces Belly Fat

6 Food That Improve Man Sexual Stamina and Power

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Sore throat, also called pharyngitis, is a very common ailment that can affect any people of any age. It is often associated with common cold or flu, but it also can be caused by other factors, such as bacterial infections, tonsillitis, Allergies, or even reflux. 

 

Most sore throats go away in several days with adequate rest and fluid intake, but the more serious infections may require medical attention.

While it is not a serious health problem, but sore throat can be quite painful and can cause discomfort when swallowing or talking. Luckily, there are some natural remedies that can help to relieve the sore throat and get rid of the infection quickly.

1. Salt Water

1. Salt water is one of the best remedies for sore throat. It acts as an antiseptic which helps to draw water out of mucous membranes in the throat. This cuts phlegm and reduces inflammation and gives you instant relief. Take one teaspoon of salt in a glass of warm water and then gargle the solution. Do not swallow the water as you need to spit the water out after gargling. Do it at least four times a day to improve the condition of your throat.
2. Honey
   Honey has long been used as a sore-throat remedy. It has antibacterial properties, which can fight off infection. It also acts as a hypertonic osmotic, which means that it draws water out of inflamed tissue, thus reducing the swelling and discomfort. Add one to two tablespoon of honey to one cup of hot water and drink it several times a day. For best results, take one teaspoon of honey before going to bed as it will give you soothing relief and help you get a better night’s sleep.
3. Slippery elm
   Slippery elm contains mucilage, a thick, glutinous substance, that swells when it is mixed with water. The mucilage is thought to soothe sore throat and reduce throat irritation. Take one teaspoon of the inner bark of slippery elm and add it to two cups of boiling water. Allow it to steep for a few minutes, and then strain the solution and drink it slowly while it is still warm. If this herb is not available, you can also buy slippery elm in capsule form from any medical store.
4. Marshmallow Root
   Marshmallow root has long been used as an herbal remedy for cough, cold, and sore throat. Like slippery elm, marshmallow contains mucilage and hence it can also be used in the treatment of sore throat. Herbalists recommend marshmallow root tea as a remedy for sore throats. It is usually made by adding one tablespoon of the dried marshmallow root to a cup of boiling water and steeping it for about half an hour. It is suggested to have at least 3 three cups a day for a sore throat.
5. Apple Cider Vinegar
   A gargle made from apple cider vinegar and water can also be used to soothe a sore throat. To make the gargle solution, add a half cup of apple cider vinegar and one teaspoon of salt to one cup of warm water and use it to gargle several times a day.
6. Garlic
   Garlic is also known to relieve a sore throat as it has natural antiseptic and antibacterial properties. Take a fresh garlic clove, cut it into half and then suck the pieces. Alternatively you can use garlic tea. To make the tea, steeping several cloves of garlic in half a cup of water overnight, and drink it in the next morning. If you do not like garlic taste, you can take garlic pills.
7. Lemon
   Lemon is another excellent natural remedy for sore throat. Lemon is rich in vitamin C which can help boost immune system and fight off infection. Just suck on a fresh lemon or gargle with freshly pressed lemon juice diluted with equal amount of warm water. You may also try hot lemonade with honey. Most people find the mixture to be very effective in relieving sore throat. To make the lemonade, add the juice of half a piece of lemon and one tablespoon of honey to one cup of warm water and sip it slowly.
8. 8. Ginger tea
   You can also use Ginger tea to get relief from sore throat. To make ginger tea, prepare about two tablespoons of ginger root and peel off the skin. Then put the ginger root in a glass of hot water and let it steep for about 15 minutes, and then drink it while it’s still warm.

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Men are more likely to have memory problems and other cognitive disorders than women, a new study suggests.

In a study published in the journal BMC Psychology, researchers in Norway investigated 37,405 men and women aged 30 years and older. Participants were asked nice questions about their memory, including whether they had problems with recall or their ability has changed with age. The results showed that for eight out of nine questions, men reported the most problems.

The researchers found that memory problems increased with age. But in all age groups, men reported more memory problems than women. Furthermore, the investigators were surprised to find that younger men forget just as much as older men.

As for why these differences exist in regards to memory ability, researchers suggest it may be linked to men’s higher prevalence for cardiovascular disease risk, such as high blood pressure or high body mass index. These risk factors may trigger forms of neurodegeneration, but the reasons behind these gender differences are still unclear.

“We have speculated a lot about why men report more frequent problems with remembering than women do, but have not been able to find an explanation. This is still an unsolved mystery,” said lead author Prof. Jostein Holmen of the Norwegian University of Science and Technology.

The researchers say they plan to carry out further studies to determine whether individuals who report having memory problems at a younger age may have an increased risk of developing Dementia.

However, there are several ways to improve memory and reduce the risk of dementia. These include stay physically and mentally active, avoid saturated fat and cholesterol, and eat more brain healthy foods, such as bell peppers, Brussels sprouts, carrots, cranberries, eggplant, grapes, sweet potatoes and dark green vegetables.

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